All About The Human Eye Color Chart

All About The Human Eye Color Chart

Have you wondered about different colored eyes, and how do people inherit them? As you might have noticed, there are different people with different eye color. These eye colors can vary from gray, hazel, blue, green, and brown.

But do you know that the eye color is actually the iris color? There is a pigment known as melanin present in your iris which produces your eye color. For example, blue eyes are produced due to lack of melanin while brown eyes are produced by higher concentrations of melanin. The resultant eye color can be of any shade which is further determined by genetics.

Above is a brief illustration of human eye color chart.

Commonly, two-parents with green can end up with green-eyed baby, but not always. Similarly, two-hazel-eyed parents are likely to have a child with hazel eyes, but not all the time. If one parent has hazel eyes, and the other parent has green eyes, the child has a chance of inheriting either green or hazel eyes.

Which genes can a newborn baby inherit?

Eye color is a physical characteristic determined through genes of both parents. As a result, the baby inherits 50% of eye color genetics material from each parent. The genes transfer to alternative forms known as alleles. Each of this allele differs from the other. There are three pairs of alleles that play for development of eye color like brown, green, and blue.

As mentioned above, the newborn’s eye color depends on both the parent’s eye color and whether the alleles become prevalent. In other cases, the baby might also develop two dominant alleles from both parents, with one or two dominant alleles. Here is a baby eye color chart to better explain this case:

• The newborn will inherit brown eyes if it receives a dominant blue allele from one parent and a dominant brown allele from the other parent.

• A newborn will inherit blue eyes if it inherits blue alleles from both parents. The baby is likely to receive blue eyes because blue is recessive and non-dominant.

• A baby will inherit green eyes if it receives green alleles from both parents or receives one green allele from one parent and blue allele from the other.

• Babies born with blue eyes take time for producing the pigment melanin. Therefore, the baby’s eye color will be determined only after she turns three.

1. Homozygous and Heterozygous

Human beings have two gene copies. One is inherited from the other, and the other is inherited from father. Homozygous can mean that two copies match or are dominant and heterozygous can means that two gene copies can differ or be recessive.

2. Dominant Eye Color

Brown and green are two of the most common eye colors. There are 75-95% chances of newborn inheriting brown or green eyes when both parents have same colored eyes.

3. Recessive Eye Color

Blue is classified as a recessive and dominant eye color. Therefore a newborn baby is more likely to inherit blue eyes if both parents have brown eyes.

4. Genotype

Genotype is a gene combination of both parents. In this case, both parents’ genotype can determine the eye color of the newborn.

5. Phenotype

Phenotype refers to the physical appearance of the eye color of both parents.

Wash Your Hands Immediately After Touching These 10 Things

Wash Your Hands Immediately After Touching These 10 Things

Washing your hands is a given if you want to avoid germs — but it's especially important after touching these microbe magnets.

Wash Your Hands. It Works

Washing your hands is essential to good hygiene, stopping germs in their tracks. Washing your hands limits the transfer of bacteria, viruses and other germs, according to the Mayo Clinic. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends using soap and clean water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to wash your hands, as studies show both are effective ways of keeping germs at bay.

Of course, it's impossible to keep your hands 100 percent germ-free all the time, but it's absolutely essential after touching the following 10 things. And when cleaning, don't overlook these 15 everyday items that are dirtier than a toilet seat.

Be sure to wash your hands immediately after touching these 10 things:

1. Money

These days you can use a debit or credit card for most purchases, but sometimes you just need to handle cash. When you do, be sure to wash your hands as soon as possible. Researchers tested $1 bills from a New York City bank and found hundreds of microorganisms, including oral and vaginal bacteria, plus DNA from pets and viruses. Similar research has shown some cash and coins even contain pathogens like E. coli and salmonella. It doesn't help that money circulates for a while — a $100 bill has a lifespan more than 20 years, according to the Federal Reserve.

2. Handrails, Handles and Doorknobs

Hand washing is incredibly important to limit the spread of bacteria and viruses, says Katy Burris, M.D., a dermatologist at Columbia University Medical Center. Dr. Burris says that one of the critical times to remember to wash is after riding public transportation, where multiple people are continuously touching the same surfaces. This includes everything — handrails on an escalator, poles on the subway and bathroom door handles. Did you know these are the germiest spots in your bedroom?

3. Restaurant Menus

Restaurants can be germ-ridden places, but the menu is the worst carrier. Researchers from the University of Arizona found that menus had a whopping 185,000 bacterial organisms. It makes sense, as so many people handle restaurant menus. You can't avoid touching it, but do wash your hands afterward.

4. Almost Anything in a Doctor's Office

Thanks to a parade of patients coming through all day, most things in a doctor's office harbor germs or bacteria — especially the sign-in pen. In fact, there are 46,000 more germs on that pen than on an average toilet seat. Other gross things to avoid are the waiting room chair armrest and the door handle. So take a few minutes after your visit to stop by the rest room and thoroughly wash. And make sure you're washing your hands the right way not the wrong way.

5. Any Animals

Not everyone washes their hands after touching pets or animals, but they should, according to Nesochi Okeke-Igbokwe, M.D., a physician and health expert. "Animals may carry various diseases," she says. "And because pets are generally thought of as family friendly, hand washing is sometimes overlooked." Hand washing after touching animals or interacting with pets, whether yours or someone else's, is absolutely essential.

6. Touchscreens

Now that technology replaces some paper goods, it's key to wash your hands after touching any screens. One of the worst offenders are kiosk machines in airports or public transportation locations, Dr. Burris says. "Germs are everywhere, and some places may harbor more than you may realize," she says. Cell phones count, too, especially if we share them with others.

Here's the good news: "Simple washing with soap and water will reduce transmission of these pathogens," Dr. Burris says.

7. Cutting Boards and Kitchen Sponges

The kitchen is a germ-laden environment. You are not only bringing in raw or uncooked food but also cleaning food, utensils, and textiles like kitchen towels and sponges. One study found as many as 326 species of bacteria living on used kitchen sponges. Make sure to toss out the old ones and, as Dr. Burris suggests, always wash your hands before preparing a meal and after handling raw meats. Oh, and forget the microwave myth — there's only one right way to clean a kitchen sponge.

8. Other People's Pens

Although many people use their phone or computer to take notes and write lists, sometimes you just need to borrow a pen. That's fine, but wash your hands after using it. The average office pen has ten times the germs of the average office toilet seat, about 200 bacteria per square inch, according to the Wall Street Journal. If that doesn't gross you out, consider that many people like to chew or gnaw on pen caps. Yuck!

9. Soap Dispensers or Pumps

Wait, are we saying you need to wash your soap? Well... sort of, because it turns out that soap dispenser pumps are a haven for bacteria. Researchers from the University of Arizona found refillable soap dispensers especially germ-laden. As you're pressing the pump, any bacteria you're hoping to wash off has an equal opportunity to get transferred onto the dispenser. Lead researcher Charles Gerba, Ph.D., says touching refillable soap containers can actually transfer more bacteria to your hands than if you stuck your hands in a toilet.

10. Pretty Much Anything In An Airport

Some 2.7 million airline passengers are traveling every day, according to the Federal Aviation Administration. More people means more germs, and more shared public surfaces where you'll encounter them. Avoid touching doorknobs, water fountains, kiosk screens and especially those plastic tubs and trays in the airport security line. People put their dirty shoes and bags in those trays, leading to contamination, according to research published in BMC Infectious Diseases. Next, find out the germiest spots in your bathroom. (Hint: No. 1 isn't your toilet.)

11 Things You Shouldn’t Store in Your Bathroom Toilet area

11 Things You Shouldn’t Store in Your Bathroom Toilet area

Some products made specifically to be used in the bathroom should definitely not be stored in the bathroom. Here's why.

1. Medicine

Don’t keep your medicine in your medicine cabinet. We’re not just saying that to be ironic. Medicines and vitamins should be stored at a room temperature between 68 and 77 degrees F. Keeping them in a moisture-filled room, like your bathroom, can make them less potent or cause them to go bad before their expiration date, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

2. Towels

Bathrooms are the perfect breeding ground for mold and mildew, and your towels are easily susceptible to these gross fungi. It’s fine to keep one towel hung up in the bathroom as long as you swap it out once a week. Turning on an exhaust fan can help dry out the room and your damp towel faster. Store extra towels in a closet, and make sure you know these 7 ways you’re probably cleaning your bathroom wrong as well.

3. Bathrobe

Another bit of ironic advice: Keep bathrobes out of the bathroom. Just like towels, damp robes could harbor bacteria, and humidity can give them a musty odor. Let them dry in your closet instead of on a hook in your bathroom. Here's how to get rid of mold on bathroom walls.

4. Books

We get it — it can be nice to have some reading material available while you’re doing your business. But any books and magazines kept in the bathroom will absorb moisture, leaving you with wrinkled pages and deteriorating binding. Here's how to get rid of the mildew smell in your bathroom.

5. Toothbrush

Yes, the rumors are true. A 2012 study from Manchester University in England found your toothbrush may house more than 10 million bacteria, and a portion of that comes from fecal matter sprayed around the room every time you flush the toilet. To keep your brush as germ-free as possible, rinse and air-dry it after each use. If you still choose to store it in the bathroom, close the toilet lid before you flush. And definitely don't store in next to the toilet, one of the germiest spots in your bathroom.

6. Non-Waterproof Electronics

We love to sing in the shower as much as anyone, but humidity can do serious damage to your phone. If you need your tunes or morning news while you shower, invest in a shower radio (yes, they still exist) or a waterproof speaker. Now that you know what you shouldn't leave in the bathroom, learn the 10 things you should never keep in your bedroom.

7. Nail Polish

Most nail polishes last about two years, but leaving those bottles in the bathroom can make them go bad much faster. Again, heat and humidity are the culprits. Toss nail polish that doesn’t blend, is too thick or looks crumbly. Check out these clever uses for nail polish and nail polish remover for around your home.

8. Razor Blades

It’s fine to keep your current razor in the shower, but extra razor blades should be left outside of the bathroom. Otherwise, the humidity may rust or dull them before you even start to use them, Good Housekeeping reports. Drying razors after each shave can help keep them more effective longer. If you're giving your bathroom a little remodel, be sure to avoid these most common plumbing mistakes DIYers make.

9. Jewelry

Jewelry boxes are best kept on dressers and vanities for good reason. The humidity from your bathroom can make jewelry tarnish more quickly than normal, especially sterling silver. Store your jewelry in a cool, dry place. Keeping it in an airtight bag is another effective method. Plus, check out these 15 products under $15 that will organize all of your stuff, including jewelry.

10. Perfume

Heat and perfume just don’t mix. The experts at perfume.org say fluctuations in temperature (the kind that occur when you take steamy showers) may destroy the molecular integrity of your fragrance and cause it to sour. Here's how to ditch the chemicals and use a natural air freshener to eliminate stinky smells.

11. Makeup

Leaving your prized makeup products in the bathroom exposes them to a lot of unwanted heat and moisture, allowing mold and other bacteria to spread and making your makeup go bad faster. And like toothbrushes, makeup brushes are also bound to be contaminated with fecal matter from sprayed toilet water. That’s something you definitely don’t want touching your face. Instead of storing your makeup in the bathroom, check out these inspiring beauty vanity ideas.